As at present the most familiar model to me is the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model that I used in my previous instructional Design-I class. The requirement for this week is to find a model that I am not familiar and my selection was Dick and Carey System Approach Model which is also known as System Approach model that is ideally suited for an e-Learning course.
Dick and Carey System Approach Model was established on 1978 by Walter Dick, Lou Carey, and James Carey and has nine-step strategy, an entire planning process from the time you determine the instructional goal to finally conducting a summative evaluation that is administered at the end of the e-Learning course and provides the learners the final grades. Dick and Corey’s model is about relationships between educational content, context, learning the behavior and instructional technique. Whereas the ADDIE model is an instructional design methodology that helps to streamline the course contents which has five stages as mentioned above. The difference between the two models are the components that each has ADDIE has five Dick and Carey System has nine. The ADDIE model has the evaluation model at the last phase of the model and the Dick and Carey have two parts of evaluations. Both the systems use the approach of input, output, and process of designing the curriculum (Utami, n.a.).
As per Pappas, 2015 there are nine components in Dick and Corey model which are (1) Determine the learning goals and objectives (2) Conduct a thorough analysis (3) Research your audience to identify behaviors and traits. (4). Develop performance objectives based on tasks and specific criteria (5) Create e-Learning assessments based on learners’ preferences and needs (6) Create your Instructional Design strategy (7) Pick appropriate e-Learning activities and resources. (8) Evaluate the e-Learning course to pinpoint areas for improvement (formative evaluation) (9) Verify that the e-Learning content aligns with desired outcomes (summative evaluation). Given the chance to elaborate on the process of analysis I would use the Dick and Corey and the ADDIE model concurrently, the most valuable point to remember is that the models are important while developing the plan how the teaching-learning activity will be done and the purpose of teaching.
This model is based on multiple learning perspectives that are behaviorism (uses Gagne’s conditions of learning), Cognitive theory (cognitive information processing theory), and constructivism (context analysis components) for learners in creating optimal conceptual frameworks for learning, remembering, and performing that also promotes problem solving from multiple learning perspective with real-world example. The model theory is important as the learning theories are abstract frameworks which describe how knowledge is received and processed during the learning experience (Reid, 2019)
In Dick and Corey model the “Components such as the instructor, learners, materials, instructional activities, delivery system, and learning and performance environments interact with each other work together to bring the desired learners outcomes” (Pappas, 2015). The differentiation of the two models will matter for a client if the learner’s outcome changes as designing is an important part because it consists a plan that the teacher should accomplish to reach the purpose of teaching.
Reference
Chang, S. (2006). The Systematic Design of Instruction. Educational Technology Research & Development, 54(4), 417–420. https://libproxy.library.unt.edu:2147/10.1007/s11423-006-9606-0
Pappas, C., (2015) 9 Steps to apply the Dick and Carey Model In eLearning, https://elearningindustry.com/9-steps-to-apply-the-dick-and-carey-model-in-elearning
Quigley, E. (2018) ADDIE 5 Step to Build Training Programs https://www.learnupon.com/blog/addie-5-steps/
Reid, A. J, (n.d.) learning Theory, https://www.instructionaldesigncentral.com/learning-theory
Utami, B., G., (n.a) The Comparison of ADDIE Models and Dick & Carey Models in Designing a Curriculum http://gittahuri.blogspot.com/2013/01/the-comparison-of-addie-model-and-dick.html
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